Chặn Multicast Flooding trong Switch Cisco

 

Suppressing Multicast Flooding

An IGMP snooping-enabled switch floods multicast traffic to all ports in a VLAN when a spanning-tree Topology Change Notification (TCN) is received. Multicast flooding suppression enables a switch to stop sending such traffic. To support flooding suppression, the following interface and global commands were introduced in Cisco IOS Release 12.1(11b)EW.

The interface command is as follows:

[no | default] ip igmp snooping tcn flood

The global commands are as follows:

[no | default] ip igmp snooping tcn flood query count [1 - 10]

[no | default] ip igmp snooping tcn query solicit

Prior to Cisco IOS Release 12.1(11b)EW, when a spanning tree topology change notification (TCN) was received by a switch, the multicast traffic was flooded to all the ports in a VLAN for a period of three IGMP query intervals. This was necessary for redundant configurations. In Cisco IOS Release 12.1(11b)EW, the default time period the switch waits before multicast flooding stops was changed to two IGMP query intervals.

This flooding behavior is undesirable if the switch that does the flooding has many ports that are subscribed to different groups. The traffic could exceed the capacity of the link between the switch and the end host, resulting in packet loss.

With the no ip igmp snooping tcn flood command, you can disable multicast flooding on a switch interface following a topology change. Only the multicast groups that have been joined by a port are sent to that port, even during a topology change.

With the ip igmp snooping tcn flood query count command, you can enable multicast flooding on a switch interface for a short period of time following a topology change by configuring an IGMP query threshold.

Typically, if a topology change occurs, the spanning tree root switch issues a global IGMP leave message (referred to as a "query solicitation") with the group multicast address 0.0.0.0. When a switch receives this solicitation, it floods this solicitation on all ports in the VLAN where the spanning tree change occurred. When the upstream router receives this solicitation, it immediately issues an IGMP general query.

With the ip igmp snooping tcn query solicit command, you can now direct a non-spanning tree root switch to issue the same query solicitation.

The following sections provide additional details on the new commands and illustrate how you can use them.